RESEARCH ARTICLE
GM-CSF Fails to Improve Immune Responses to Booster Hepatitis B Vaccination in HIV-Infected Individuals
Edgar T Overton*, 1, Somnuek Sungkanuparph2, Michael Klebert1, Michael Royal1, Debra Demarco-Shaw1, William G Powderly3, Judith A Aberg4
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2011Volume: 5
First Page: 109
Last Page: 113
Publisher Id: TOVJ-5-109
DOI: 10.2174/1874357901105010109
Article History:
Received Date: 20/5/2011Revision Received Date: 22/7/2011
Acceptance Date: 1/8/2011
Electronic publication date: 14/10/2011
Collection year: 2011
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background:
Hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination is an important preventive intervention for HIV-infected population. Data regarding booster HBV vaccine for persons with low HBV surface antibody (sAb) titers after vaccination in this immunocompromised population is lacking.
Methods:
We randomized 60 HIV-infected subjects lacking HBV protection after completion of 3 doses of HBV vaccine to receive a booster dose of HBV vaccine with 250mcg GM-CSF as an adjuvant or booster vaccine alone.
Results:
GM-CSF was safe with expected side effects. However, only 35% of persons receiving GM-CSF developed protective sAb while 50% in vaccine only arm developed protection (P = 0.47). Overall, only 28% of subjects maintained protective sAb 1 year after vaccination.
Conclusions:
GM-CSF failed to improve responses to the booster HBV vaccination. Overall, response was poor with only 42% of persons responding at one month post-vaccination confirming booster vaccination with the current HBV vaccine has poor immunogenicity among HIV-infected persons. Further research is needed to develop optimal vaccination strategies in HIV-infected persons.